高中英语试题(2)

C

The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby. Almost from the moment it is born,the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother. During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large,warm,and soft object in its environment,particularly if that object also gives it milk. After a week or so,however,the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on “mother” ---- the real mother or the mother-substitute(母亲替代物).

During the first two weeks of its warmth is perhaps the most important psychological(心理的) thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby. The Harlows,a couple who are both psychologists,discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother-substitutes ---- one covered with cloth and one made of bare wire. If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature,the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother. However,if the wire model was heated,while the cloth model was cool,for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother-substitutes as their favorites. Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother.

Why is cloth preferable to bare wire? Something that the Harlows called contact(接触的)comfort seems to be the answer,and a most powerful influence it is. Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers’ skins,putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can. Whenever the young animal is frightened,disturbed,or annoyed,it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body. Wire doesn’t “rub” as well as does soft wire cloth. Prolonged(长时间的)“contact comfort” with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk.

According to the Harlows,the basic quality of a baby’s love for its mother is trust. If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother,the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be. It screams in terror and curls up into a fury little ball. If its cloth mother is now introduced into the playroom,the bay rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life. After a few minutes of contact comfort,it obviously begins to feel more secure. It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys,but often rushes back for a deep embrace(拥抱) as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well. Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding on to its “mother.”

50. Psychologically,what does the baby monkey desire most during the first two weeks of its life? A. Warmth B. Milk C. Contact D. Trust

51. After the first two weeks of their life,baby moneys prefer the cloth mother to the wire mother because the former is .

A. larger in size B. closer to them

C. less frightening and less disturbing D. more comfortable to rub against

52. What does the baby monkey probably gain from prolonged “contact comfort”?

A. Attention B. Softness C. Confidence D. Interest

53. It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels secure,.

A. it frequently rushes back for a deep embrace when exploring the toys

B. it spends more time screaming to get rewards

C. it is less attracted to the toys though they are interesting

D. it cares less about whether its mother is still around

54. The main purpose of the passage is to .

A. give the reasons of the experiment B. present the findings of the experiment

C. introduce the method of the experiment D. describe the process of the experiment

D

In 1974,after filling out fifty applications,going through four interviews,and winning one offer,I took what I could get ----- a teaching job at what I considered a distant wild area: western New Jersey. My characteristic optimism was alive only when I reminded myself that I would be doing what I had wanted to do since I was fourteen ------- teaching English.

School started,but I felt more and more as if I were in a foreign country. Was this rural area really New Jersey? My students took a week off when hunting season began. I was told they were also frequently absent in late October to help their fathers make hay on the farms. I was a young woman from New York City,who thought that “Make hay while the sun shines” just meant to have a good time.

But,still,I was teaching English. I worked hard,taking time off only to eat and sleep. And then there was my sixth-grade class ---- seventeen boys and five girls who were only six years younger than me. I had a problem long before I knew it. I was struggling in my work as a young idealistic teacher. I wanted to make literature come alive and to promote a love of the written word. The students wanted to throw spitballs and whisper dirty words in the back of the room.

In college I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore bad behavior. So I did,confident that,as the textbook had said,the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention. It sounds reasonable,but the text evidently ignored the fact that humans,particularly teenagers,rarely seems reasonable. By the time my boss,who was also my taskmaster,known to be the strictest,most demanding,most quick to fire inexperienced teachers,came into the classroom to observe me,the students exhibited very little good behavior to praise.

My boss sat in the back of the room. The boys in the class were making animal noises,hitting each other while the girls filed their nails or read magazines. I just pretended it all wasn’t happening,and went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions. My boss,sitting in the back of the classroom,seemed to be growing bigger and bigger. After twenty minutes he left,silently. Visions of unemployment marched before my eyes.

I felt mildly victorious that I got through the rest of class without crying,but at my next free period I had to face him. I wondered if he would let me finish out the day. I walked to his office,took a deep breath,and opened the door.

He was sitting in his chair,and he looked at me long and hard. I said nothing. All I could think of was that I was not an English teacher; I had been lying to myself,pretending that everything was fine.

When he spoke,he said simply,without accusation,“You had nothing to say to them.”

“You had nothing to say to them”. he repeated.” No wonder they are bored. Why not get to the meat of literature and stop talking about symbolism. Talk with them,not at them. And more important,why do you ignore their bad behavior”? We talked. He named my problems and offered solutions. We role-played. He was the bad student,and I was the forceful,yet,teacher.

As the year progressed,we spent many hours discussing literature and ideas about human beings and their motivations. He helped me identify my weaknesses and strengths. In short,he made a teacher of me by teaching me the reality of Emerson’s words: “The secret to education lies in respecting the pupil.”

Fifteen years later I still drive that same winding road to the same school. Thanks to the help I received that difficult first year,the school is my home now.

55. It can be inferred from the story that in 1974

A. the writer became an optimistic person

B. the writer was very happy about her new job

C. it was rather difficult to get a job in the USA

D. it was easy to get a teaching job in New Jersey

56. According to the passage,which of the following is most probably the writer’s problem as a new teacher?

A. She had blind trust in what she learnt at college.

B. She didn’t ask experienced teachers for advice.

C. She took too much time off to eat and sleep.

D. She didn’t like teaching English literature.

57. What is the writer’s biggest worry after her taskmaster’s observation of her class?

A. She might lose her teaching job. B. She might lose her students’respect.

C. She couldn’t teach the same class any more.

D. She couldn’t ignore her students’ bad behavior any more.

58. Which of the following gives the writer a sense of mild victory?

A. Her talk about symbolism sounded convincing.

B. Her students behaved a little better than usual.

C. She managed to finish the class without crying.

D. She was invited for a talk by her boss after class.

59. The students behaved badly in the writer’s classes because .

A. They were eager to embarrass her. B. She didn’t really understand them.

C. They didn’t regard her as a good teacher. D. She didn’t have a good command of English. 60. The taskmaster’s attitude towards the writer after his observation of her class can be described as .

A. cruel but encouraging B. fierce but forgiving

C. sincere and supportive D. angry and aggressive

第二节：下面文章中有5个段落需要添加首句(第61-65题)。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出适合各段落的首句，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

A. Time can run out.

B. Tomorrow won’t be better.

C. Ideas need time to develop.

D. Your professor will be impatient.

E. You blow off your chances for help.

F. You are probably overestimating (高估)the pain.

Never Put off Tomorrow What You Can Do Today

Want to put off studying for the physics test? Or writing that thirty-five-page research paper on future uses of biotechnology? Sure you do? And who wouldn’t? But it’s still a silly idea to put off doing something until a future time. Here is why ....

61. __________. The task will be still the same. It won’t be any more fun and you still won’t want to do it. As the deadline gets closer and closer,the task seems to become larger and larger if you haven’t started the work. And the stress increases. Now not only do you have to write that paper,you have to do it under great pressure.

62. _________ . Before you start,it seems that the task is unlikely to be accomplished. But you know what? You’re probably miscalculating. Get started -------- maybe on a small piece ------ And you will discover that you have more resources and know more about the subject than you thought. Result? You won’t experience nearly as much suffering as you expected to. Things are guaranteed ------ 100 percent ------- to get better.

63. _____________ . If you leave your work before the night before it’s due,you give up the possibility of getting input from your professor. Professors regularly give advice ----- or at least a few useful tips ---- during office hours. Unfortunately though,they don’t usually hold office hours at midnight,so you will be out of luck when you discover the night before the midterm that you have no idea how to do the questions that will count for two-thirds of your grade.

64. ________ . Ever wonder why the professor assigns the papers two weeks before it’s due? It’s because he or she expects you to be thinking about the issue,or doing the research,for two weeks. No,not every waking moment,but at least some of the time. After all,the professor could just as easily have given the assignment one week before it was due if he or she expected less thinking. When you throw together a paper or a report at the last minute,your ideas are half-baked. And your professor will know it.

65. ________ . If you put things off at the last minute,you might find that you haven’t budgeted enough minutes to finish the necessary tasks. It’s the easiest thing in the world to miscalculate how long it will take to do all the work especially when new issues arise ------ like illness,family problems,computer breakdowns,trouble at work,and all the other things ------- as you are thinking through your paper argument or preparing yourself for the coming test. If you keep delaying,you don’t allow yourself time for those various life events that have an adverse(不利的) effect on your ability to complete your assignment.

非选择题部分(共40分)

第三部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节：短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写上该加的词。 删除：把多余的.词用斜线()划掉 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意：1.没处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Dear Diary,

Here I am in the middle of a city,350 miles far away from our farmhouse. Do you want to know why we move last week? Dad lost his job and as Mom explained,“He was lucky to find other one.” His new job meant I had to say goodbye to my classmate,my school,or just everything else I love in the world. To make matters bad,now I have to share a room with my younger sister,Maggie. Tomorrow is first day of school. I am awfully tiring,but I know I will never fall asleep.

Good night and remember you,dear diary,is my only souvenir from my past life and my only friend.

第二节：书面表达(满分30分)

请以“One Thing I’m Proud of”为题，用英语写一篇100-120个词的短文，记述一件自己认为得意的事，要求如下： 1.记叙这件事; 2.简要谈谈你为何感到骄傲或得到的启示。 注意：文章的标题已给出(不计词数)。

One Thing I’m Proud of

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：第一部分：

第一节：1--20：DBDBD AABAB DCBCA BBCAD

第二节 21--40 BBDCA CAACC DBAAA BDCBB

第三节 41--65 BBADC DDABA DCDBC AACBC BFECA

改错:

1.far 去掉 2.move变成moved 3.other变成another 4.classmate变成classmates

5.or变成and 6.bad变成worse 7.first前加the或者my 8.tiring变成tired

9.sleep变成asleep 10.is变成are.

One possible student version:

I still remember how I became a good table tennis player.

The first day I went to high school,I saw some of my classmates playing table tennis. Amazed how skillful they were,I was determined to be just as good. Later on,I watched them carefully to learn their techniques. Then I kept practicing until I became confident enough to challenge the good players. At the end of the term i became one of the best players in my class.

I am really proud of this experience,because it helps me realize that we all can fulfill our potential and achieve our goals through hard work. It also helps me better understand the proverb”Practice makes perfect.”